One object model for everything OT.

Five standards, one gap between them.

PackML describes machine state behavior. ISA-88 describes batch structure. ISA-95 describes the enterprise-to-control hierarchy. IEC 61508/61511 describe functional safety. IEC 62443 describes cybersecurity. ISA-18.2 describes alarm management. Each is authoritative in its own scope — and none of them talk to each other, or to the AI layer that's now a first-class part of the system, not an add-on.

LUNEX doesn't replace any of them. It reuses what each already gets right — SIL, SIF, Security Levels, ISA-18.2's alarm states — and provides the missing part: one object model, from a single sensor up to the closed-loop AI model adjusting the process, built on a single base class throughout.

• Completeness over minimalism. Process control, safety, security, alarms and AI/data as one connected model, not five bolted together.
• Reuse before invention. A term is only renamed when it already collides with something else in the model. Sub-model 8 documents every decision.
• One base class, no exceptions. A pressure sensor and an AI-generated recommendation are both a LunexObject.
• AI as a structural citizen. Digital twins, prediction, and closed-loop control — governed with the same rigor as a safety interlock.